Premature aging as a consequence of Mis-construction of tissues and organs during body development

Hutchinson–Gilford Progeria Syndrome, Werner syndrome, and Cockayne syndrome are three genetic disorders, in which the children have premature aging features. To understand the phenomena of premature aging, the similarity of aging features in the syndromes to that in normal aging is investigated. Although these syndromes have different genetic backgrounds, the patients all have abnormal structures in tissues/organs like that in normal aging. Therefore, the abnormality in tissue structure is the common point between premature aging and normal aging, and it links a defective development and a defective repair, the Misrepair. Defective development is a result of mis-construction of tissues/organs, as a consequence of genetic mutation; whereas aging is a result of mis-reconstructions, the Misrepairs, for maintaining the structure of tissues/organs. Construction-reconstruction of the structure of an organism is thus the coupling point between development and aging. Mis-construction and Mis-reconstruction (Misrepair) are the essential processes in the development of aging-like feathers.